(+)-Cycloolivil as antioxidant obtained from natural source namely stereospermum personatum

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to a novel pharmaceutical composition containing (+)-Cycloolivil and an additives, which is used as an antioxidant and is obtained from a new source namely Stereospermum personatum; the invention also provides a process for isolation the active compound (+)-Cycloolivil from a plant source namely Stereospermum personatum and use of the compound (+)-Cycloolivil as an antioxidant.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to the isolation of compound namely (+)-Cycloolivil from a new plant source, Stereospermum Personatum in good yield. It is proved to be useful and better antioxidant molecule than the presently used medicinally important lipophilic antioxidants namely Prubucol and α-Tocopherol. It may have better therapeutic potential in inflammatory disease conditions, atherosclerosis, diabetic complications, cancer, hepatotoxicity and variety of disease conditions mediated through or fostered by oxidative stress and/or overt oxidative burden due to increased generation or under scavenging of free radicals.

BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART REFERENCES

There is a considerable amount of epidemiological evidence indicating association between diet rich in fruits and vegetables and a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease and certain forms of cancer. It is generally assumed that the active principles contributing to these protective effects are nothing but primarily, the antioxidant phytochemicals.

Research in the past decades have accumulated enough evidence to show the beneficial effect of free-radical scavengers/antioxidants as antimutagenic, anti-inflammatory, antiamerosclerotic, antidiabetic, antihepatotoxic, antiageing and in a variety of neurological disorders. The search for new antioxidant principles is becoming therefore, essential to improve the pharmacological treatment of pathological conditions such as cataract, rheumatic diseases, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenarative conditions.

The pharmacological approaches therefore have focused on the search of potential resources rich in with antioxidant principles. The medicinal importance of plants bearing rich proportion of antioxidant principles is therefore becoming hot item.

Stereospermum personatum is a medicinal plant used in traditional Indian System of Medicine and is widely advocated in the preparations for diuretic, lithontriptic, expectorant, cardiotonic, aphrodisiac, appetizer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, dyspepsia, diarrhea, renal and vesical calculi, cough, asthma, hyperdipsia, hemorrhoids and hyperacidity disease conditions (Indian Medicinal Plants, Vol. 5 p 192). It is further reported to possess antibacterial, antifungal, hypoglycemic activity, and against p388 lymphocytic leukemic cells (Ind. Jour, of Exp. Biol., 1971,9, 100). Hence, it becomes pertinent to look for the molecules possessing such important biological properties. In this connection, the phytochemical investigation of Stereospermum personatum has been taken up. The applicants efforts led to the isolation of (+)-Cycloolivil in good yield (+)-Cycloolivil is known to possess several activities, which are shown in Table-1

TABLE 1 Compound Activity Reference (+)- 1. Cyclic AMP Chem. Pharm. Bull, 1981, Cycloolivil phosphodiesterase 29, 3586-92 inhibition 2. Antihypertensive and Chem. Pharm. Bull, 1986, Ca²⁺ antagonist activity 34, 3514-17 3. Binding to human sex Plant. Med. 1997, 63, Harmon 529-532.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

The main object of the invention is to provide a novel composition containing (+)-Cycloolivil and an additives, which is used as an antioxidant.

Another object is to provide a new source of obtaining (+)-Cycloolivil in significant yield.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a process for producing (+)-Cycloolivil from a plant source namely Stereospermum personatum.

Yet another object of the invention is relates to use of (+)-Cycloolivil as an antioxidant.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

Accordingly, the invention provides a novel composition containing (+)-Cycloolivil and useful as antioxidant. The invention further provides a method for the isolation of (+)-Cycloolivil from new sources namely Stereospermum Personatum.

In accordance with this invention, it has been found that (+)-Cycloolivil is isolated from a new source, Stereospermum Personatum in significant yield. In addition, it has been found that (+)-Cycloolivil shows antioxidant property.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Antioxidant compounds recently have attracted the attention due to their broad spectrum of activities in disorders of multiple origin viz., coronary heart disease, cancer, diabetes, rheumatic disorders and inflammatory conditions where free radicals play important role. Much attention is being directed now to harness and harvest the antioxidant compounds from natural resources.

The compound (+)-Cycloolivil is used in pure form. Hence, the usage may be more advantageous than a mixture of compounds having similar properties, which are in current use. It is also important to note that the process of isolation of (+)-Cycloolivil is highly economical.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a useful source, Stereospermum Personatum, comprising antioxidant principles of which (+)-Cycloolivil is isolated as a pure and potent antioxidant molecule. (+)-Cycloolivil has been compared with existing pharmacologically/therapeutically accepted antioxidant Probucol and alpha-tocopherol. It is found that (+)-Cycloolivil is better than the above mentioned reference drugs and hence may be used with pharmaceutically/therapeutically acceptable additives.

In an embodiment of the present invention, (+)-Cycloolivil may be effective at a less amount than the reference drugs mentioned above.

One embodiment of the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition useful as antioxidant, said composition comprising an effective amount of (+)-Cycloolivil in combination with or associated with a pharmaceutically acceptable additives.

In another embodiment of the invention, the pharmaceutically acceptable additive is selected in such a manner that it does not affect or interfere with the efficacy of (+)-Cycloolivil.

In still another embodiment of the invention, the additive is selected from nutrients such as carbohydrates, sugar, proteins, fats and pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of (+)-Cycloolivil to the additive is in the range between 0.1:10 to 3:10, preferably 0.4:10 to 2:10.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, the amount of (+)-Cycloolivil administered is in the range between 300 mg to 380 mg per dose at least twice a day.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, the composition is administered through oral route in the form of tablets, capsules, syrup or powder.

In one, more embodiment of the invention relates to process for isolation of (+)-Cycloolivil from the plant Stereospermum personatum said process comprising the steps of:

a) extracting the dried wood powder of Stereospermum Personatum with hexane;

b) further extracting the residue from step (a) with chloroform;

c) concentrating the chloroform solution from step (b) under vacuum;

d) absorbing the dark brown extract on a silicagel (60-120 mesh) and loaded on silicagel (60-120 mesh) column (4 cm dia to height of 100 cm);

e) eluting the column with chloroform methanol gradient, and

f) collecting the eluted fraction with 5% methanol in chloroform and concentrating the fraction to obtain pure (+)-Cycloolivil.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the solvents used are selected from hexane, chloroform and methanol.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the yield of (+)-Cycloolivil obtained is about 0.061% of the plant dried material.

One more embodiment relates to use of (+)-Cycloolivil as an antioxidant or free-radical scavenger animals and human beings.

In yet another embodiment relates to use of (+)-Cycloolivil for the manufacturing of a composition useful as antioxidant.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, (+)-Cycloolivil is administered orally.

Yet another embodiment of the invention relates to a method for the treatment of free-radical scavenging, comprising the steps of administration of an effective amount of (+)-Cycloolivil to a subject in need thereof, preferably, (+)-Cycloolivil is administered in the range of 300 mg-380 mg/dose, twice a day.

Stereospermum personatum hence is a new source for (+)-Cycloolivil and its presence in this plant in good yields makes this invention more important. A comparison of yield of (+)-Cycloolivil from different plants is given in Table. 2

TABLE 2 % yield of Name of the plant (+)-Cycloolivil Reference Olea europaea 0.00085 Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1984, 32, 2730 Eucommia ulmoides 0.001 Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1986, 34, 523 Stereospermum kunthianum 0.001 Plant. Med. 1986 Stereospermum peronatum 0.061 Present invention

The present invention embodies isolation of (+)-Cycloolivil, as antioxidant principle from a new plant source and identify its free radical scavenging property compared with medicinally important antioxidant drug molecules.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWING

FIG. 1 shows antioxidant (Anti-free radical, LPPH) activity of (+)-Cycloolivil from Stereospermum personatum and reference compounds.

FIG. 2 shows the molecular structure of compound (+)-Cycloolivil.

The invention is further described in the following examples that are given by the way of illustration and therefore should not be construed to limit the invention in any manner.

EXAMPLE 1 Experimental Protocol A Process for the Isolation of Above Lignans

The dried wood powder of Stereospermum personatum (3 Kg) was loaded on a Soxhlet apparatus. The powder was first extracted with hexane. The residue from the extraction of hexane was further extracted with chloroform. The chloroform solution was concentrated under vacuum. The dark brown extract (22 g) was adsorbed on silica gel (60-120 mesh) and loaded on silica gel (60-120 mesh) column. (4 cm dia to a height of 100 cms).

The column is subjected to elution with chloroform methanol gradient. The chloroform-methanol gradient is so selected to obtain specific fraction and thereby the desired compound. In the present case, the fractions eluted at 5% methanol in chloroform are collected separately and concentrated.

The above fractions are subjected to further purification using silica gel column (>200 mesh, 2.5 cm dia and 50 cm length) using chloroform methanol gradient. The eluent at 5% methanol in chloroform gave pure (+)-Cycloolivil (2.2 g). The spectrochemical data of (+)-Cycloolivil are given below.

(+)-Cycloolivil

1. Molecular formula: C₂₀H₂₄O₇

2. ¹HNMR: δ1.9(1H, d), 2.45(1H, d), 3.15(1H, d), 3.38 and 3.4 (2H, d), 3.65(1H, d) 3.75(6H, s), 3,78(1H,), 3,90(1H, d), 6.05(1H, s), 6.55-6.70(4H, m), 8.49 and 8.75 (2×Ar—OH).

3. ¹³CNMR: 38.89(C-7′, 43.16(C-7′), 45.73(C-8), 55.64(OCH₃), 55.78(OCH₃), 59.09(C-9′), 68.06(C-9), 73.03(C-8′), 112.46(C-2′), 113.57(C-2), 115..47(C-5′), 116.22(C-5), 121.88(C-6), 125.22(C-6′), 132.16(C-1), 136.98(C-1′), 143.96(C-4′), 144.78(C-4), 145.77(C-3′), 147.43(C-3).

4. IR: 3393 cm⁻¹

5. MS: 376 (M⁺)

EXAMPLE 2 In Vitro Evaluation of Free Radical Scavenging Antioxidant Potency

Antioxidant activity of the compounds was tested for its capacity/potency to scavenge most widely used free radical, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hyrazyl radical (DPPH). The well-accepted and tested antioxidants namely probucol and α-tocopherol were taken as reference compounds. 1 mg/ml DMSO concentration of the compounds were prepared and subsequently, diluted to lower concentrations with DMSO. 200 μl of test compounds were reconstituted to 1 ml in tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.4). Equal volume of 500 μM of DPPH radical dissolved in ethanol was reacted with this. After incubation for 45 minutes in dark, the absorbency at 517 nm was recorded. Percent radical scavenging activity was calculated accordingly. All the readings were taken in triplicate. Results (FIG. 1/table 3) show that compound under consideration possess potent antioxidant/ free-radical scavenging property.

TABLE 3 50% Radical scavenging concentration of compounds Antioxidant Concentration (μg/ml) CHCl₃ Extract 40.09 (+)-Cycloolivil 21.74 Probucol 28.71 DL α-Tocopherol 47.80 

What is claimed is:
 1. A process for isolation of (+)-Cycloolivil from the plant Stereospermum personatum, said process comprising the steps of: a) extracting dried wood powder of the plant Stereospermum personatum with hexane to obtain a hexane extract and a plant residue; b) extracting the plant residue from step (a) with chloroform to obtain a chloroform extract; c) concentrating the chloroform extract from step (b) under reduced pressure to obtain a dark brown residue; d) absorbing the dark brown residue of step (c) on a silicagel of particle size 60-120 mesh loaded on a silicagel column; e) eluting product from the column of step (d) with a mixture of chloroform-methanol gradient; and collecting at 5% methanol in chloroform the eluted fractions of step (e) and concentrating the fractions to obtain pure (+)-Cycloolivil.
 2. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein a yield of (+)-Cycloolivil is about 0.061 percent by weight of dry plant material. 